Siim-Hendrik R\u00e4\u00e4k: Kokkuv\u00f5te Kristina Kallase longust<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Teisip\u00e4eval, 23. aprillil k\u00e4is Rahvusvaheliste Suhete Ringis loengut pidamas MT\u00dc Eesti Pagulasabi juhatuse esimees, kes r\u00e4\u00e4kis teemal “R\u00e4nne globaliseerunud maailmas ja Eesti koht selles”<\/p>\n\n\n\n
K\u00fclaline alustab tuues v\u00e4lja, et Eestis on olukord pagulaste eest hoolitsemises kehv. Eesti kahjuks ei t\u00e4ida enamusi Euroopa Liidu direktiive pagulaste alal. Puudub elementaarne ligip\u00e4\u00e4s arstiabile jne. Seda uurides puutus k\u00fclaline esimest korda kokku varjupaigataotlejatega Eestis.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Edasi laiendas k\u00fclaline teemat tuues v\u00e4lja, et Eesti ei ole pagulaste sihtriik, vaid nad on siia sattunud p\u00e4rast pikka seiklemist. Ainult poliitilised p\u00f5genikud Venemaalt ja Valgevenest on tulnud teadlikult Eestisse. K\u00f5ik \u00fclej\u00e4\u00e4nud on sattunud siia kogemata.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
K\u00fclaline t\u00f5i v\u00e4lja, et maailmas toimub t\u00e4nap\u00e4eval tohutu r\u00e4nne (inimene elab riigis, kus ta ei ole s\u00fcndinud), kuskil 3% maailma elanikkonnast on r\u00e4nnanud. T\u00e4nap\u00e4eva r\u00e4nne on selline, et liigutakse kontinentide vahel, mitte ainult k\u00f5rvalriiki. V\u00e4ga suur osa r\u00e4ndest on ka siseriiklik \u2013 sisepagulased, eesm\u00e4rgiga parandada oma sotsiaalset ja majanduslikku olukorda.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
250 miljonist migrandist on 71 miljonit Euroopas, neist 40 miljonit on teised Eurooplased. N\u00e4ha on rohkem rassidevahelist r\u00e4nnet, aga rohkem kui pooled migrandid on teised Eurooplased. Samas on enamus p\u00f5genikke arenevates riikides.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
K\u00fclaline r\u00e4\u00e4kis, et t\u00e4nap\u00e4eval r\u00e4nnatakse just linnadesse, sest seal on t\u00f6\u00f6, keegi ei r\u00e4nda maale (tsiteerides Dawk Sandersit). Urbaniseerumine toimub meeletu kiirusega. K\u00fclalise meelest on urbaniseerumisega v\u00f5itlemine aga tuuleveskitega v\u00f5itlemine, kuna urbaniseerumine on paratamatu.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Edasi liikus k\u00fclaline p\u00f5genike teemale, k\u00fcsides, kui paljud 250 miljonist migrandist maailmas on p\u00f5genikud \u2013 neid on 10%. Immigrandi ja p\u00f5geniku vahe on see, et p\u00f5genik ei saa oma koju enam tagasi minna. Lahkumise p\u00f5hjuseks on otsene oht tema elule.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
K\u00fclaline t\u00f5i v\u00e4lja p\u00f5hjused, mis muudavad inimesed p\u00f5genikeks. Esmane p\u00f5hjus on s\u00f5da. Maailmas on t\u00e4na umbes 50 suuremat s\u00f5da v\u00f5i s\u00f5jalist konflikti, mis p\u00f5hjustavad p\u00f5genike voolusid. K\u00f5ige v\u00e4rskem p\u00f5genike allikas oli sellel hetkel S\u00fc\u00fcria.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Teine suur p\u00f5hjus on n\u00e4lg. Eesti ei v\u00f5ta vastu pagulasi, kelle ainsaks p\u00f5hjuseks on n\u00e4lg. Samas p\u00f5hjamaad annavad varjupaika ka neile, kes pagevad n\u00e4lja eest. Maailmas on ligikaudu 1 miljard inimest, kes elavad pidevas n\u00e4ljas. Samas on n\u00e4lg tihti p\u00f5hjustatud s\u00f5ja poolt, lisaks v\u00f5ib p\u00f5hjuseks olla loodus\u00f5nnetused v\u00f5i p\u00f5uad.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Eestis v\u00f5etakse \u00fcldse v\u00e4ga kitsalt Genfi konventsiooni j\u00e4rgi pagulasi vastu. N\u00e4iteks looduskatastroofi p\u00e4rast Eesti varjupaika ei anna. Otsustamisel kaalutakse seda, kas inimese kodumaale tagasi saatmise korral \u00e4hvardab teda surm v\u00f5i piinamine \u2013 kui \u00e4hvardab, v\u00f5tab Eesti pagulase vastu. Pagulased peavad aga l\u00e4bima v\u00e4ga pika protsessi, kus \u00fcritatakse kindlaks teha, kas pagulase probleem on t\u00f5ene.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u00dcks osa r\u00e4ndest toimub inimkaubitsemise teel. Osad inimesed kas sunniviisiliselt v\u00f5i vabatahtlikult liigutatakse punktist A punkti B. Inimkaubanduse ohvritele antakse enamustes riikides kaitset. Samas Eesti j\u00e4lle ei soovi inimkaubanduse probleemiga tegeleda.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
K\u00f5ige rohkem p\u00f5genikke p\u00e4rineb hetkel Afganistanist. Iga neljas p\u00f5genik on just sealt p\u00e4rit.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u00dcks oluline osa r\u00e4ndest on siiski ka siser\u00e4nne. Ka siser\u00e4nde puhul on paljud p\u00f5genikud, tekitades sihtkohtades slumme. Ligi 2\/3 oma kodudest v\u00e4givaldselt eemaldatud j\u00e4\u00e4vad oma riiki. Peamised sisep\u00f5genikega riigid on Sudaan, Pakistan, Kongo, Filipiinid ja teised.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Konspekteeris Siim-Hendrik R\u00e4\u00e4k<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
Siim-Hendrik R\u00e4\u00e4k: Kokkuv\u00f5te Kristina Kallase longust Teisip\u00e4eval, 23. aprillil k\u00e4is Rahvusvaheliste Suhete Ringis loengut pidamas MT\u00dc Eesti Pagulasabi juhatuse esimees, kes r\u00e4\u00e4kis teemal “R\u00e4nne globaliseerunud maailmas ja Eesti koht selles” K\u00fclaline alustab tuues v\u00e4lja, et Eestis on olukord pagulaste eest hoolitsemises kehv. Eesti kahjuks ei t\u00e4ida enamusi Euroopa Liidu direktiive pagulaste alal. Puudub elementaarne ligip\u00e4\u00e4s […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":4,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"elementor_theme","format":"standard","meta":{"site-sidebar-layout":"default","site-content-layout":"default","ast-site-content-layout":"","site-content-style":"default","site-sidebar-style":"default","ast-global-header-display":"","ast-banner-title-visibility":"","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"","footer-sml-layout":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"default","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","astra-migrate-meta-layouts":"default","ast-page-background-enabled":"default","ast-page-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"ast-content-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"footnotes":""},"categories":[6,76],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-1585","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-loengud","category-76"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.rsr.ut.ee\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1585","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.rsr.ut.ee\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.rsr.ut.ee\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.rsr.ut.ee\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/4"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.rsr.ut.ee\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1585"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.rsr.ut.ee\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1585\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.rsr.ut.ee\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1585"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.rsr.ut.ee\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=1585"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.rsr.ut.ee\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=1585"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}