Teisip\u00e4eval, 06. novembril pidas RSR-is loengu Christopher L. Kukk* teemal “The International Politics of Water”.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Christopher Kukk alustas loengut vee kohta k\u00e4ivate faktidega. Inimene suudab elada toiduta kuni kolmk\u00fcmmend p\u00e4eva, kuid veeta vaid seitse. Sealhulgas mainis ta t\u00f5siasja, et vett ei teki maailma juurde, see ainult muundub ringluses j\u00e4\u00e4ks, auruks ja veeks. Globaalsed kliimamuutused paigutavad maailmas veeressurssi \u00fcmber, nii et veevaestes piirkondades j\u00e4\u00e4b vett muudkui v\u00e4hemaks – p\u00f5uad sagenevad. Samas tihenevad veerikastes piirkondades \u00fcleujutused.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Puhta magevee nappust peetakse maailmas ohtlikumaks probleemiks, kui maailmamere taseme aeglast t\u00f5usu. Inimesed vajavad vett joomiseks, kuid valdav osa veest tarvitatakse koduses majapidamises siiski vannitoas. Samuti on vett vaja p\u00f5ldude niisutamiseks, see t\u00e4hendab eelk\u00f5ige toiduainete tootmiseks. Samas on fossiilsete k\u00fctuste k\u00f5rval populariseerunud niinimetatud taastuvate biok\u00fctuste kasutamine. Nende hankimiseks tuleb kasvatada taimi, mis t\u00e4hendab intensiivsemat p\u00f5llumajandust ning vee kasutamise kasvu. Maailma kasvav rahvaarv suurendab mitmel moel n\u00f5udlust magevee j\u00e4rele. K\u00f5ige ohustatumad on vaesed riigid, mille peamiseks majandusharuks on p\u00f5llumajandus, veeressurssi napib ning rahvaarvu kasv on suuresti kontrollimatu. (Selle teemaga seostuvad ka nn vaesustava rahvusvahelise kaubanduse teooriad, K O)<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Vesi p\u00f5hjustab maailmas s\u00f5jalisi konflikte. 1967. aasta Kuuep\u00e4evane s\u00f5da oli vee p\u00e4rast; Araabia riigid otsustasid juhtida Jordani j\u00f5ge “toitvatest” j\u00f5gedest vett Jordaaniasse ning S\u00fc\u00fcriasse. Selle tulemusena oleks Iisrael kaotanud olulise osa oma veeressursist. Teisest k\u00fcljest saab seda k\u00e4sitleda ka vastusammuna Iisraeli tegevusele, millega viimane juhtis Jordani j\u00f5est vett oma kanalitesse. CIA on ennustanud, et tulevikuski saab toimuma relvastatud konflikte, mis on tingitud vaidlustest vee \u00fcle. Iisraelis on veevarustus riiklik saladus; T\u00fcrgi k\u00e4es on v\u00f5imalus peatada teiste Araabia riikide osaline varustamine veega.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Konfliktid vee p\u00e4rast ei toimu mitte ainult L\u00e4his-Idas vaid ka k\u00f5ikjal mujal maailmas, sealhulgas Euroopas ning P\u00f5hja-Ameerikas.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Vee k\u00fcsimuses m\u00e4ngivad valitsused ja rahvusvahelised organisatsioonid, nagu \u00dcRO, palju suuremat rolli kui NGO-d. \u00dcRO n\u00e4itas h\u00e4sti oma v\u00f5imeid, kui lahendas Senegali j\u00f5e vee kasutamise t\u00fcli, kutsudes olukorda hindama Utah \u00fclikooli ja m\u00f5lema vaidleva riigi – Senegali ja Mauritaania teadlased. Selline mudel osutuskokkuleppele j\u00f5udmiseks edukaks.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Kuke teooria vee kui konfliktide p\u00f5hjuse kohta puudutab peamiselt arengumaid ning seletab, kuidas konflikte v\u00e4ltida.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Muuseas ei mainita \u00dcRO inim\u00f5iguste deklaratsioonis iga\u00fche \u00f5igust veele. K\u00fcll aga on vett k\u00e4sitletud majandusliku h\u00fcvena – selle \u00fcle r\u00f5\u00f5mustavad suurfirmad, kelle k\u00e4es on suuri magedavee ressursse.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Paljudes riikides k\u00e4itutakse, nii et see viib tulevikus \u00f6kokatastroofini ja \u00fchiskonna kokkuvarisemiseni, aga ise sellest aru ei saada.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
* Christopher L. Kukk, Ph. D. Fulbright Scholar, University of Tartu, Estonia
Associate Professor of Political Science Western Connecticut State University<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
Teisip\u00e4eval, 06. novembril pidas RSR-is loengu Christopher L. Kukk* teemal “The International Politics of Water”. Christopher Kukk alustas loengut vee kohta k\u00e4ivate faktidega. Inimene suudab elada toiduta kuni kolmk\u00fcmmend p\u00e4eva, kuid veeta vaid seitse. Sealhulgas mainis ta t\u00f5siasja, et vett ei teki maailma juurde, see ainult muundub ringluses j\u00e4\u00e4ks, auruks ja veeks. Globaalsed kliimamuutused paigutavad […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":4,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"elementor_theme","format":"standard","meta":{"site-sidebar-layout":"default","site-content-layout":"default","ast-site-content-layout":"","site-content-style":"default","site-sidebar-style":"default","ast-global-header-display":"","ast-banner-title-visibility":"","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"","footer-sml-layout":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"default","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","astra-migrate-meta-layouts":"default","ast-page-background-enabled":"default","ast-page-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"ast-content-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"footnotes":""},"categories":[6,82],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-1296","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-loengud","category-82"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.rsr.ut.ee\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1296","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.rsr.ut.ee\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.rsr.ut.ee\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.rsr.ut.ee\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/4"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.rsr.ut.ee\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1296"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.rsr.ut.ee\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1296\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.rsr.ut.ee\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1296"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.rsr.ut.ee\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=1296"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.rsr.ut.ee\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=1296"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}